What is jaw (orthognathic) surgery?

Jaw (orthognathic) surgery is surgery performed to correct deformities of the upper and lower jaw bones. These deformities can present as bad bites together with poor facial aesthetics. Functions such as chewing, breathing and speech can be affected. Occasionally, the jaw joints are also painful and incoordinated during normal functions.

The causes of jaw deformities are: 1. Developmental or growth a. Long or short lower jaw b. Long or short upper jaw c. Combination of both d. Asymmetry 2. Trauma a. Jaw deformities following accidents 3. Cleft lip/ palate and craniofacial syndromes

Do I need jaw surgery?

If your bad bites cannot be satisfactorily corrected with orthodontics alone, certainly jaw surgery can be indicated. The greatest advantage of jaw surgery is that besides improvement in the bad bites, the facial aesthetics is greatly enhanced with harmonisation of the face. Most patients have increased self esteem and confidence.

Patients who have failed preliminary surgeries for snoring (sleep apnoea) may also benefit from jaw surgery.

What does jaw surgery entail?

Jaw surgery is performed by repositioning the jaw bones into their “normal” position. Careful planning is required with pre-operative x-rays, study models of the teeth and computer simulation. Most of the surgery is performed inside the mouth without any external scarring. The bone where the surgical movements are performed are fixed with titanium bone plates for rigid stability. A period where your teeth are tied together may be required.

The surgery usually requires hospitalisation and a period of recuperation, ranging from two weeks to six weeks. Where the surgery is minimal, it can be done on a “day surgery” basis. General anaesthesia is required together with pre-operative assessment of the general health.

Prior to surgical correction, malalignment of your teeth must be corrected with braces (orthodontics). This will give the surgeon a guide to reposition the bones accurately. Close cooperation between a trained orthodontist and a surgeon is very vital in the overall success of jaw surgery.

Before Surgery	After Surgery

When can I start treatment?

Jaw surgery is usually performed in an individual whose growth has stabilised. For a boy, it is usually after 16-18 years and for a girl, slightly earlier. In some conditions, surgery can be performed earlier.

Who do I seek treatment from?

Jaw surgery is performed routinely by an Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeon. He is one who is trained in their particular aspect of the face. Inherent in the training is a great understanding of growth in the facial bones in relation to the dentition and jaw joints, coupled with a sound surgical knowledge.

Is there any complications?

Jaw surgery is a major surgery. As with any surgery, complications ranging from minor to major can occur. However, with great care, experience and planning, these can mostly be avoided. It is generally safe to undergo this form of surgery. The areas of concern are injuries to the sensory nerves, infection and relapse of the bone movement. The jaw joints are also area of concern.

Disclaimer:

The above FAQs are strictly for information only. It is NOT intended as treatment advice over the Internet. See your Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeon or Orthodontist to assess your individual need.

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